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          Chick Whole Mount
         in
         situHybridization 
         (Modified from 
         
          1.
         Remove embryos from the egg;
         dissectextraembryonic
         membranes in Ringer's 
         Solution or calcium-free,
         magnesium-free PBS. 
         
          2.
         Fix embryos overnight at 4º C with freshly prepared 4%
         paraformaldehyde (Fisher) 
         in PBS. 
         
          3.
         Wash 2X (5 minutes per wash) at 4º C with
         PBT. 
         
          Note:
         all solutions are 10 ml/vial unless specified. 
         
          -Dehydrate
         through ascending methanol series in PBT: 
         -25% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -50% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -75% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -100% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -100% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         - Store embryos in 100% MeOH
         at -20º C until further use. 
         
          4.
         Rehydrate through descending methanol series. 
         -75% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -50% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -25% MeOH (5 minutes) 
         -PBT (5 minutes) 
         -PBT (5 minutes) 
         
          5.
         Bleach in 6% hydrogen peroxide in PBT (10
         minutes). 
         
          6.
         Wash 5X with PBT (5 minutes per wash). 
         
          7.
         Permeabilize with Proteinase K (Boehringer Mannheim, 2
         ug/mL) for 15 minutes (5 
         ml). 
         
          8.
         Wash with 2 mg/ml glycine in PBT for 10 minutes. 
         
          9.
         Wash 2X in PBT (5 minutes each). 
         
          10.
         Fix embryos with 4% paraformaldehyde plus 0.2%
         gluteraldehyde in PBT for 5 
         minutes). 
         
          11.
         Wash 4X in PBT (5 minutes each). 
         
          12.
         Wash 1X in prehybridization buffer (5 minutes, 5 ml). 
         - Incubate with fresh
         prehybridization buffer for 1 hour at 65º-70ºC
         (use hot water 
         bath). 
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